The fabric weight GSM chart converts between GSM (grams per square meter) and oz/yd² (ounces per square yard) and provides weight categories for common fabrics. GSM is the international standard while oz/yd² is predominantly used in the US apparel industry.
GSM Converter
Weight Category Guide
Common Fabric Weights by Type
| Fabric Type | GSM Range | oz/yd² | Common Uses |
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Fabric Weight Guide for Sewers and Crafters
The fabric weight GSM chart helps sewers, crafters, and apparel buyers understand fabric weights across measurement systems. Choosing the right fabric weight for your project determines drape, warmth, durability, and sewing difficulty.
Choosing Fabric Weight for Garments
Lightweight fabrics (under 150 GSM) drape beautifully and feel airy — ideal for blouses, summer dresses, and lingerie. Mid-weight (150-300 GSM) covers most everyday garments: t-shirts, casual trousers, light jackets. Heavyweight (300+ GSM) suits structured garments: denim, outerwear, upholstery, bags, and technical workwear.
Sewing Machine Considerations
Most home sewing machines handle fabrics up to 300-350 GSM. Heavier denim and canvas (350-500 GSM) require a heavy-duty machine, denim needle (size 16-18), and polyester thread. Very lightweight fabrics under 100 GSM (silk, chiffon) need a fine needle (size 60-70) and reduced presser foot pressure to avoid puckering.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is this fabric weight GSM converter free?
Yes, completely free with no signup required. Convert between GSM and oz/yd² instantly and browse the fabric weight chart.
What does GSM mean in fabric?
GSM stands for Grams per Square Meter — it measures how much a square meter of fabric weighs. Higher GSM = heavier, thicker fabric. A 150 GSM t-shirt cotton is lightweight; a 400 GSM denim is very heavy. GSM is the international standard; oz/yd² is used primarily in the US.
What is a good GSM for t-shirts?
Lightweight t-shirts are 130-150 GSM (very soft, drapes well, slightly see-through). Mid-weight t-shirts are 160-180 GSM (most common quality). Premium heavyweight t-shirts are 190-220 GSM (thick, opaque, longer lasting). Most mass-market t-shirts are 140-160 GSM.
How do I convert GSM to oz/yd²?
Divide GSM by 33.906 to get oz/yd². Or multiply oz/yd² by 33.906 to get GSM. Example: 200 GSM ÷ 33.906 = 5.9 oz/yd². The conversion factor 33.906 = 1 yard² in m² (0.8361) × grams per oz (28.35) × 1000/1000.
What GSM is denim?
Standard denim jeans fabric is 280-400 GSM (8-12 oz/yd²). Lightweight denim for shirts is 180-230 GSM (5-7 oz/yd²). True raw selvedge denim is typically 320-400 GSM. The heavier the denim, the more durable and structured the garment.